As component densities increase and hidden solder joints become the norm, X-ray inspection has evolved from a laboratory tool to an indispensable process control instrument on the SMT line. Understanding the physics behind image formation and the practical constraints of the technology is essential for anyone specifying or operating AXI systems.
Selective soldering occupies a critical niche in modern PCB assembly, bridging the gap between wave soldering and hand soldering for boards that combine SMT and through-hole components. Understanding the underlying process physics is essential for achieving consistent, defect-free joints.
Automated Optical Inspection has become a standard quality gate in surface-mount assembly lines — yet its underlying principles, configuration logic and inherent limitations are rarely examined in depth. A structured…
Stencil printing is responsible for the majority of soldering defects in SMT assembly. Understanding the underlying physics and process parameters is essential for achieving consistent, high-quality results across…